Calculate subnet mask, network address, broadcast and host range
Free online IP subnet calculator for network engineers, sysadmins, and students. Enter any IPv4 address and CIDR prefix (/0 to /32) to instantly calculate network address, subnet mask, broadcast address, first and last usable host addresses, total host count, and usable host count. Essential tool for network design, IP address planning, firewall configuration, and understanding subnetting concepts. All calculations happen instantly in your browser.
Subnetting is a fundamental skill in networking. Manually calculating subnet ranges, broadcast addresses, and host counts is tedious and error-prone. This tool instantly gives you all the values you need for network configuration, firewall rules, router setup, and IP address planning. Whether you're studying for a CCNA exam, designing a corporate network, or configuring cloud infrastructure, a subnet calculator saves time and prevents costly mistakes.
/24 = 254 usable hosts (most common for small networks). /16 = 65,534 usable hosts (medium networks). /8 = 16,777,214 usable hosts (large networks). /30 = 2 usable hosts (point-to-point links). /32 = 1 host (loopback, host routes). /28 = 14 usable hosts (small office segments). /22 = 1,022 usable hosts (medium office networks).
CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) notation represents an IP address and its subnet mask as a single value, e.g. 192.168.1.0/24 where /24 means the first 24 bits are the network portion.
Total hosts = 2^(32-prefix). Usable hosts = total - 2, because the network address and broadcast address cannot be assigned to devices.
A /32 subnet contains exactly one IP address. It's used for host routes and loopback addresses.
Most home routers use 192.168.1.0/24, which provides 254 usable host addresses (192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.254).
The broadcast address is the last address in a subnet. Packets sent to this address are delivered to all hosts in the subnet. It cannot be assigned to a device.
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